459

Index

silencing, 251, 255, 258, 264–266, 268,

278, 279, 282, 332, 352, 379

splicing, 253

transmission, 173

Generator stations, 111

Genes of interest (GOI), 174, 330

Genetic

approaches, 169

changes, 432

circuits, 194, 200

database resources, 306

disorders, 245

engineering, 75, 168, 187, 189–191, 194,

195, 202, 203, 240, 245, 252, 330, 339

epigenetic variations, 379

improvement programs, 365

manipulation, 193

mechanism, 168

modification, 20, 29

network, 194, 242

variants, 306, 307, 316, 319

Genetically

improved crops, 323

modified, 30, 168, 203, 330

destabilization, 364

Genome

editing, 190, 200, 210, 329, 330,

332–334, 337, 339

engineering, 339

phenotype association studies, 307

plants, 256

sequences, 280, 313, 380

stability, 251

survey sequences, 280

wide

association studies (GWAS), 305–307,

310–323

marker selection tool, 319

identification, 209, 250

profiling, 377

sequencing, 434

Genomic, 168, 189, 191, 207, 255, 280,

284, 305, 306, 314, 320, 330, 332, 351,

352, 375, 376, 378, 379, 384, 402

database, 379

sequence, 306, 351

stability, 255, 375

phenotype

affiliations, 312

mapping, 283

relationships, 306

Genotypes, 167, 305, 312–316, 318, 365,

383

Genotypic

information, 313

qualities, 312

Genotyping, 312, 313

Gentisic acid, 438

Geological time scale analysis, 59

Geomagnetic, 106, 134, 135, 137, 138, 144,

151, 156, 157

field, 106, 134, 135, 137, 138, 144, 151,

156, 157

Geo-magnetotropic, 135

Germination, 77, 103, 107, 141, 142

magnetic constant, 138

parameters, 139

percentage, 103, 112, 138–140

seedlings, 61, 101

tolerance index, 103

Germinative metabolic activities, 100

Germin-like proteins, 418

Germline cells, 259

Germplasm, 174, 315

Gibberellic acid, 66, 147, 153, 154, 274

Gigaspora, 69

Glechoma longituba, 362

Global

food

demands, 188

insecurity, 188

population, 134, 306, 367

temperatures, 360

warming, 62, 330, 339, 360, 366

Globular histone proteins, 352

Glomalin, 79, 87

Glomeromycota, 79

Glomus sp., 83

Glucanase, 43, 172, 176, 406

Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, 65

Gluconate, 439

Glucose metabolism, 418

Glucosinolates, 441

Glutamate, 409, 417, 437, 438

Glutathione, 20, 24, 26, 45, 63, 101, 111,

112, 114, 116, 155, 178, 244, 246, 422,

441